Matrix addition and subtraction involve combining or removing corresponding elements from two matrices of the same order. These operations are performed element-wise.
\[ A \pm B = \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \pm \begin{pmatrix} x & y \\ z & u \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} a \pm x & b \pm y \\ c \pm z & d \pm u \end{pmatrix} \]
This formula shows that matrices can be added or subtracted by performing the operation on each corresponding element, provided both matrices have the same dimensions.